Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Authors' Biographies -- Preface -- Introduction -- References -- Part I-Outlook -- 1. Public Investment in the Pandemic-Europe at a Glance -- Introduction -- 1.1 Government Investment Since the Global Financial Crisis -- 1.2 Rebuilding Better: The Response to the Pandemic and the Outlook for Public Investment -- 1.3 The Implementation of Public Investment Plans Determines Their Success -- 1.4 Will This Time Be Different? -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- 2. From Fiscal Consolidation to the Plan de relance: Investment Trends in France -- Introduction

2.1 Trends in Public Investment before the Pandemic -- 2.2 Public Investment during the Pandemic -- 2.3 The Plan de Relance of September 2020 -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- 3. Public Investment in Germany: Much More Needs to Be Done -- Introduction -- 3.1 Public Construction Investment Softened in the Pandemic, Equipment Massively Increased -- 3.2 Investment Projects under the Stimulus and Future Investment Package: Limited Scope and Slow Progress -- 3.3 German Recovery and Resilience Plan: Substantial Overlap with Stimulus and Future Package -- 3.3.1 Overview of the DARP

3.3.2 Climate and Energy -- 3.3.3 Digitalisation of the Economy and Infrastructure, and of Education -- 3.3.4 Social Inclusion -- 3.3.5 Strengthening the Health System and Modernising Public Administration -- 3.3.6 Overall Assessment -- 3.4 Substantially Higher Credit-Financed Public Investment Does Not Threaten Debt Sustainability -- 3.5 What Germany Needs after the COVID-19 Crisis: Reform of Fiscal Rules and Stabilisation of Investment at a High Level -- References -- 4. Relaunching Public Investments in Italy -- Introduction -- 4.1 Public Investments in Italy

4.2 The National Recovery and Resilience Plan: Financial Resources for Public Investment -- 4.3 Conclusion -- References -- 5. Public Investment in Poland -- Introduction -- 5.1 Historical Background -- 5.2 Turning Points -- 5.3 Determinants for Public Investment Increases -- 5.3.1 Investment Needs -- 5.3.2 Macroeconomic and Institutional Environment -- 5.4 The National Recovery Plan -- 5.4.1 General Information -- 5.4.2 Five Components of the National Recovery Plan -- 5.4.3 Macroeconomic Impact of the National Recovery Plan -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References

6. Trends and Patterns in Public Investment in Spain: An Update -- Introduction -- 6.1. Public Investment in Spain: 2000-20 -- 6.2. NextGenerationEU: Some Insights from Spain -- 6.3. Conclusion -- References -- PART II-Challenges -- 7. Crowding In-Out of Public Investment -- Introduction -- 7.1 Modern Estimations of the Fiscal Multiplier -- 7.2 Conditions under Which Crowding In Is More Likely -- 7.3 Lessons for the European Union -- 7.3.1 Public Investment and EU-Financed Investment in the Post-COVID Recovery -- 7.3.2 The Crowding In Effects of EU Funds -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References

8. Investing in Health.

This timely and insightful collection of essays written by economists from a range of academic and policy institutes explores the subject of public investment through two avenues. The first examines public investment trends and needs in Europe, addressing the initiatives taken by European governments to tackle the COVID-19 recession and to rebuild their economies. The second identifies key domains where European public investment is needed to build a more sustainable Europe, from climate change to human capital formation.

Online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on January 27, 2022).

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